What is gingivitis and how common is it?

If tooth brushing is inadequate, the gums (gingiva) react to dental plaque with an inflammation called gingivitis.  This is essentially superficial gum disease which is reversible and very common. The inflammation at the gum line can appear as a reddened line because the blood vessels expand due to the inflammation. If optimal oral hygiene at home is performed the bacterial plaque will be removed regularly and the gums can recover within a few days. Every person has several of these areas in their mouth throughout a lifetime. However, they are a sign that these areas are not cleaned properly. Such areas also pose a risk for developing advanced gum disease (periodontitis). Check ups are important to detect these areas before more significant problems arise.

What is periodontitis and how common is it?

Periodontitis is one of the most common chronic diseases. It is an inflammatory disease that affects all parts of the structures that hold the teeth in the bone. As a result of the inflammation there may be loss of the anchoring fibres and the supporting bone. A pocket between the tooth and remaining unattached gum can develop alongside the tooth. These pockets can become increasingly deep and in turn harder to clean. The loss of the anchoring fibres and the bone may cause the teeth to become loose. If the disease remains undetected and is not treated, the damage can continue until the teeth can become uncomfortable for chewing or become infected. Eventually teeth may be lost through periodontitis or require removal.

Should I use an antimicrobial mouthwash such as Corsodyl?

Generally speaking there is minimal benefit from mouthwash. The most important thing is to effectively mechanically disturb the plaque on your teeth with toothbrushing and interdental cleaning. Occasionally, mouthwashes may be advised if you struggle with brushing effectively or following surgery. However it is not a substitute for brushing well. You should use a mouthwash at a different time to brushing as the ingredients can interact and make them both less effective. Toothpaste has a higher concentration of fluoride which helps prevent dental decay. If you use mouthwash you will wash away the toothpaste making it less effective. Some mouthwashes will contribute to staining such as Corsodyl. Therefore, long term use can be problematic.